Isibuyekezo Semikhakha Yebhethri ye-Lithium – Julayi 2026: Ukushintsha Kwentengo, Inqubomgomo, Nobuchwepheshe

Umkhakha wamabhethri e-lithium uthumela izimpawu ezinamandla kulo Julayi, ehlanganisa imboni ngamandla amathathu amakhulu: izindleko, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.

Mayelana nezindleko, umbiko wakamuva we-BloombergNEF uveza ukuthi amanani amabhokisi ebhethri ye-lithium-ion emhlabeni wonke awele ngaphansi kuka-$80/kWh engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2026, okungukwehla okungaba ngu-12% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Lokhu kwehla kubangelwa kakhulu ukuzinza kwamanani e-lithium carbonate esezingeni lebhethri eduze kuka-CNY 90,000 ithani ngekota yesibili, kanye nemiphumela eqhubekayo yokukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu. Ukwehla kwezindleko kunikeze umfutho omkhulu emakethe yokugcina amandla – ngokusho kwe-National Energy Administration yaseChina, ukufakwa kwezinto ezintsha zokugcina amandla kukhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-60% engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, futhi amaphrojekthi okugcina amandla ezimbonini nawokuhweba abone ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwezomnotho.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwezomthetho, imithetho ye-EU Battery Regulation mayelana nokumenyezelwa kwe-carbon footprint inwetshelwe emabhethrini ezimboni nakwamanye amabhethri aphathwayo kusukela ngo-2026. Inani elikhulayo lezinkampani zaseShayina zisheshisa ukwakhiwa kwamanethiwekhi okugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri kanye nezinhlelo zokulandelela ugesi oluhlaza ukuze zihambisane nemithetho. I-“battery passport” ihamba ngokushesha isuka emcabangweni iye empeleni.

Kusenjalo, emngceleni wobuchwepheshe, umenzi wamabhethri oholayo umemezele ekuqaleni kukaJulayi ukuthi ibhethri lawo eliqinile (all-solid-state) selidlule u-400 Wh/kg ekuminyaneni kwamandla, futhi ukuqinisekiswa kwezimoto ezincane kuhlelelwe ukuqala phakathi nonyaka. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ukwenziwa kwezimboni kwamabhethri aqinile kusuka elabhorethri kuya kulayini wokukhiqiza.

Ngokuhlanganyela, imboni ingene esigabeni esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuncintisana ngezindleko, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithetho, kanye nokubekwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Sincoma ukuthi izinkampani zithathe izinyathelo ezintathu: okokuqala, zivikele ukutholakala kwe-lithium ngezivumelwano zesikhathi eside kanye namasu okugada ukuze zinciphise izinguquko zezombusazwe nezinsiza; okwesibili, zilungiselele ngokushesha idatha ye-EU battery passport futhi ziqedele ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ukuze zigweme izingozi zokungena emakethe; okwesithathu, ziqaphele ngokucophelela ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri anamandla aphezulu ezinhlelweni ezintsha ezifana nezindiza zikagesi, amaloli asindayo, kanye namarobhothi afana nabantu, zibeka isisekelo sephothifoliyo yemikhiqizo ehlukile.