Ukubhekwa Kwemboni Yebhethri Ye-Lithium: Julayi 2026 — Inqubekelaphambili Yesimo Esiqinile, Ukuzinza Kwentengo Ye-Lithium, Nokuqina Kokuthobela Imithetho Ye-EU

Izinto eziningi ezibalulekile zivele emkhakheni webhethri ye-lithium muva nje. Isikhathi sebhethri esiqinile siya sicaca, amanani e-lithium azama ukufinyelela phansi ngenxa yezinguquko zokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa, futhi izithiyo zemithetho yaphesheya zisuke emthethweni zaya ekuqinisweni. Zihlangene, lezi zinto ziqhuba lonke uchungechunge lwenani lomkhiqizo enkathini entsha yokulungiswa. Ngezansi isifinyezo sezindaba zakamuva kanye nezinyathelo ezingathathwa.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto kanye nabakhiqizi bamabhethri babuyekeze izinhlelo zabo zamabhethri e-all-solid-state. I-GAC Group iphinde yagcizelela ngesikhathi sokuxhumana nabatshalizimali ukuthi ibhethri layo le-all-solid-state lizofakwa ezimotweni zokukhiqiza ezingaphansi kophawu lwe-Aion engxenyeni yesibili ka-2026, futhi amandla e-cell energy adlula u-400 Wh/kg. Ibhethri le-CATL le-condensed-state liyaqhubeka nokuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa ezindizeni kanye nezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi inkampani kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiphe izixazululo ezengeziwe zezimoto ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Toyota isiqalile ukusebenzisa izinto zokusebenza kulayini wayo wokuhlola we-all-solid-state e-Japan, ihlose ukuhlanganisa izimoto ezincane ngaphambi kuka-2027. Ukulandelana okusheshayo kwezimemezelo kukhombisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-solid-state busuka ekulungeleni kwelebhu buya ekusetshenzisweni kobunjiniyela—kuvala ithuba lokubeka izinto, imishini, kanye nezinqubo.

Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngunyaka yokwehla kwezintengo, imakethe ye-lithium carbonate ikhombisa izimpawu zokuzinza. Ngokusekelwe emananini amasonto onke avela kwa-SMM nakwezinye izinhlangano, i-spot battery-grade lithium carbonate yalinganiselwa ema-83,000 yuan ngetoni ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, inyuke cishe ngo-10% kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka. Lokhu kukhuphuka kubangelwa kakhulu ukuncishiswa komkhiqizo ezimayini ze-lithium zase-Australia nase-Afrika, kuhambisana nesidingo esinamandla kunalokho obekulindelwe ngezikhathi ezithile ezivela emandleni asekhaya kanye nokufakwa kukagesi emhlabeni wonke, okuholele ekwehleni kwezimpahla ezithengiswayo emiphakathini amasonto amaningi. Noma kunjalo, umbono ojwayelekile embonini ukuthi amandla emithombo ye-lithium emhlabeni wonke asekhona amaningi, futhi amanani angase ahlale ephakathi nendawo enesisekelo esiqinile kanye nomkhawulo oqinile unyaka wonke. Abadlali be-supply chain kufanele baqhubeke nokulawula ubungozi bamanani ngokuqhubekayo.

Kusukela ngoJulayi 1, 2026, uMthetho Wamabhathri we-EU ungene esigabeni esisha: wonke amabhathri ezimoto zikagesi kanye namabhathri ezimboni aphinde ashajwe (angaphezu kuka-2 kWh) athunyelwa e-EU kumele athwale isimemezelo se-carbon footprint, esichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukukhishwa kwe-carbon kusukela ekumbiweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuze kube sekukhiqizweni kwamaseli. Lo mfuneko ukhulisa ngqo izindleko zokuthobela umthetho, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo udala umthombo omusha wokwehlukanisa. Izinkampani ezihamba phambili zaseShayina ezifana ne-CATL ne-Envision AESC seziqede ukuhlola i-carbon footprint yamabhathri amaningi futhi zashicilela izinhlelo zokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon kanye nezinhlelo zefektri ezingenayo i-carbon. Labo abafaka ukuphathwa kwe-carbon emkhiqizweni wabo kusenesikhathi bazonikezwa ukufinyelela emakethe okushelelayo kanye nenani eliphezulu eliluhlaza eYurophu.

: Njengoba amabhethri e-solid-state ethembisa ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, ama-liquid lithium-ion akhona abhekana nengcindezi yokuphindaphinda. Abakhiqizi bezinto zokwakha namaseli bayalulekwa ukuthi bathole ukubambisana kusenesikhathi namaketanga okuhlinzeka ezindaweni ezibalulekile ezifana nama-sulfide/oxide electrolytes kanye ne-pre-lithiation.

: Sebenzisa izinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo kanye nezinto ezitholakala emakethe engahleliwe, kanye nezinkontileka zesikhathi eside ezinamanani angaguquki kanye nezinto ezitholakala ngamanani angaguquki, ukuze uvikele inzuzo ekushintsheni kwamanani e-lithium.

: Yakha ngokushesha uhlelo lwedatha yekhabhoni yomjikelezo ophelele futhi uxhumane nezizindalwazi eziqashelwa yi-EU, ukwenza ukudalulwa kwe-carbon footprint kusuke emthwalweni wezindleko kube yimpahla yomkhiqizo eyakha ukwethenjwa.

Iqhutshwa ukushintsha kwe-solid-state, izimfuneko zokunciphisa ikhabhoni, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa, imboni yamabhethri e-lithium isuka ekukhuleni okuqhutshwa ubukhulu iye esigabeni esichazwa ubuchwepheshe obujulile kanye nokuhleleka kwemithetho. Labo abahumusha lezi zinto ezenzekayo zibe izenzo eziphathekayo kusenesikhathi bayoba sesimweni esihle sokuhola isigaba esilandelayo.