Amabhethri ayizinto ezibalulekile emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe banamuhla. Ukuqonda ulwazi ngamabhethri kubalulekile hhayi kubasebenzisi bemihlahla kuphela kodwa nasezinkampanini ezisebenzisa imithombo yamandla ethembekile. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izici ezahlukahlukene zolwazi ngamabhethri, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo, izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, namathiphu abalulekile okuzinakekela. Noma ngabe ufuna ukwazi mayelana nokubhaliswa kwewaranti yebhethri noma ufuna izeluleko ezingokoqobo zokwelula impilo yebhethri, lesi sihloko sikufanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizohlinzeka ngemininingwane ngemikhuba yezimboni futhi sethule i-EBAK, umkhiqizi odumile owaziwa ngezixazululo zawo zamabhethri e-lithium athuthukisiwe.

Amabhethri ashukumisa konke kusukela kumadivayisi amancane kagesimende kuya ezimotweni ezinkulu zikagesimende, okwenza kube yinto eyisisekelo sempilo yesimanje. Ukuthola ulwazi ngezinhlobonhlobo zamabhethri, ukunakekelwa kwawo, nokusetshenziswa kwawo kahle kugcina kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza nokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda amagama afana ne-MSDS yamabhethri (Material Safety Data Sheets) nokubuka imininingwane yebhethri kungabenza abantu abavamile nochwepheshe bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula kabanzi izinto ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri neziqondiso zokunakekelwa ezisebenzayo. Lolu lwazi lusemthethweni ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi kanye nabathengi abafuna ukuthuthukisa ukuphila nokwethembeka kwamabhethri. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bamabhethri buqhubeka, ukuhlala unolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuhlola izixazululo zebhethri ezisezingeni eliphezulu, i-EBAK igqama njengegama elithembekile. Le nkampani igxile kumabhethri e-lithium-ion asezingeni eliphezulu afanele amathuluzi kagesi, ama-e-bike, ama-AGV, ama-EV, kanye nezicelo zokugcina amandla. Ukuzibophezela kwabo ekuqambeni izinto ezintsha nasekulawuleni ikhwalithi kubenza babe abadlali ababalulekile embonini.

Ake siqale uhambo lwethu ngokuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri asetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla.

Amabhethri eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhemikhali nemiklamo eyenziwe ngezicelo ezithile. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa i-alkaline, i-lithium-ion, i-lead-acid, i-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), kanye ne-nickel-cadmium (NiCd). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici ezihlukile mayelana ne-energy density, impilo ende, izindleko, nomthelela emvelweni.

Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion njengamanje ayikhethwa kakhulu ezinsizeni eziphathwayo kanye nezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yokuba ne-energ density ephezulu nokukwazi ukujolisa. Zilula, zine-cycle life ende, futhi zinikeza ukukhipha amandla kahle. Amabhethri e-lead-acid, ngakolunye uhlangothi, asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zokuqala kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ngenxa yokuba nezezimali ezithengekayo nokwethembeka kwazo.

Ukuhlola imigomo yokuphepha ehambisana namabhethri la, kubalulekile. Amabhethri MSDS ahlinzeka ngemininingwane enembile yokuphatha, ukugcina, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphuthumayo, okubalulekile kubakhiqizi, abahlinzeki, kanye nabasebenzisi bokugcina. Ukulandela le migomo kusiza ukuvimbela izingozi ezivela ekusetshenzisweni okungafanele noma ekulahlekeni.

Ukuqonda amathuluzi okubuka imininingwane yebhethri kungasiza nasekuhloleni impilo nesimo sebhethri. Lamathuluzi ahlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela ngevoltheji, izinga lokushisa, nemijikelezo yokushaja, asiza abasebenzisi ukuthi balondoloze ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngempumelelo.

Ukwazi amandla nemikhawulo yohlobo ngalunye lwebhethri kwenza abathengi namabhizinisi akwazi ukukhetha inketho efanele kakhulu ngezidingo zabo ezithile.

Amabhethri adlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni amandla amadivayisi nezinhlelo eziningi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kusukela kumagajethi amancane asekhaya njengezinduku zokulawula nezibani zokukhanyisa kuya ezinhlelweni ezinkulu ezifana nezimoto zikagesi nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo, amabhethri akhona yonke indawo.

Embonini yezimoto, amabhethri aqala izinjini futhi anikeze amandla izinto zikagesi ezisebhodini. Izinto zikagesi eziphathekayo njengama-smartphone, ama-laptop, namakhamera zincike kakhulu kumabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuze zihambe kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo zisebenzisa amabhange ebhethri ukugcina amandla elanga noma omoya, ziqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamandla lapho imithombo yemvelo ingahlali njalo.

Amabhizinisi athembele ezimotweni ezizihambelayo (ama-AGV) noma ezimotweni ezihamba ngogesi nazo zincike kumakhambi ebhethri aqinile ukuze kusebenze kahle. I-EBAK, ngokwesibonelo, inikeza amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium-ion akhethekile enzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyinselele zalokhu kusetshenziswa, iqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle.

Amabhethri aphinde abe nendima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokugcina ugesi eziphuthumayo, emishini yezokwelapha, nasemishini yezimboni. Ukwazi kahle izinhlobo zamabhethri nokusetshenziswa kwawo okufanele kusiza ukwandisa izinzuzo zawo futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi noma ukwehluleka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda izinqubo zokubhalisa iziqinisekiso zamabhethri kungaba usizo kubathengi namabhizinisi ngokufanayo. Ukubhalisa iziqinisekiso kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bangathola usizo noma ukufakwa kwezinto ezintsha uma kwenzeka kuneziphazamiso noma ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikelwa komthengi.

Ukugcina amabhethri kahle kubalulekile ukuze wandise impilo yawo futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha. Nansi eminye imihlahlandlela ebalulekile yokunakekela nokugcina amabhethri:

Okokuqala, hlala ulandela imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi mayelana nezikhathi zokushaja nokukhishwa. Ukushaja ngokweqile noma ukukhishwa kakhulu kunganciphisa impilo ye-bhethri kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa ama-charger ahambisanayo nokugwema ukuvezwa ezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa nakho kusiza ukugcina impilo ye-bhethri.

Ukugcina ama-bhethri endaweni epholile, eyomile kude nelanga eliqondile kuvimba ukonakaliswa. Ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside, ama-bhethri e-lithium-ion kufanele agcinwe cishe ku-40-60% yokushaja ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwamandla.

Ukuhlola njalo ama-bhethri ukuze kubonakale izimpawu zokulimala, ukuvuvukala, noma ukugqwala kubalulekile. Ama-bhethri alimazekile kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela futhi aphumelelwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yasendaweni, kubhekiselwa kumadokhumenti e-MSDS ama-bhethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinqubo eziphephile.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zokubuka ulwazi lwebhethri kungasiza ukuqapha isimo sebhethri futhi kuxwayise abasebenzisi ngezinkinga ezingenzeka ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu. Le ndlela eqaphile isiza ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi kufanele afundise abasebenzi ngokuphatha ibhethri ngokuphepha futhi agcine izinqubo eziphuthumayo zitholakala kalula. Izinkampani ezifana ne-EBAK zigcizelela ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuphepha emikhiqizweni yazo, zinikeza izinketho eziqotho eziyahambisana namazinga okuphepha.

Ukukhetha ibhethri elifanele idivayisi yakho kuhlanganisa ukuqonda izidingo zamandla zedivayisi, izindlela zokusebenzisa, kanye nezimo zemvelo. Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele zihlanganisa i-voltage, umthamo, usayizi, isisindo, kanye nezinga lokukhipha amandla.

Kumadivayisi kagesi aphathwayo, amabhethri e-lithium-ion avame ukukhethwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo kahle kanye nesakhiwo sawo esingasindi. Ezinhlelweni ezimile njengamandla okugcina, amabhethri e-lead-acid noma izinhlelo ezintsha zamabhethri e-lithium zingase zilunge kakhulu.

Ukubonisana nemininingwane yomkhiqizo kanye nemihlahlandlela yokuhambisana kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ukuthola amabhethri kubakhiqizi abahlonishwayo abanikeza ukubhaliswa kwewaranti yamabhethri okucacile kanye nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kanye nendlela yokubuyisa uma kunezinkinga.

Lapho uthenga amabhethri ngobuningi ukusetshenziswa kwezebhizinisi noma ezimbonini, cabanga ngabahlinzeki njenge-EBAK abaqeqeshiwe ezixazululweni zamabhethri e-lithium enziwe ngendlela efanele ezinhlelweni ezithile. Ubuchwepheshe babo ekulawuleni ikhwalithi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuthuthukisiwe buqinisekisa imikhiqizo ethembekile.

Ekugcineni, hlola njalo izitifiketi zamabhethri futhi ubuyekeze amakhasi edatha okuphepha ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zezimboni, uqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle.

Sengiphetha, ukuqonda imininingwane yebhethri—kusukela ezinhlotsheni nokusetshenziswa kwayo kuya ekunakekelweni nokukhethwa kwayo—kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwebhethri. Ulwazi olufanele luvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi, balwele isikhathi sokuphila sebhethri, futhi banciphise umthelela emvelweni.

Amabhizinisi nabathengi ngokufanayo bazuza ngokuhlala benolwazi mayelana nobuchwepheshe bebhethri, imihlahlandlela yokuphepha, nezinqubo zewaranti. Ukuhlola abahlinzeki abathembekile njenge-EBAK kungaqhubeka nokuqinisa ukuzethemba ezintweni ezitshalwe ebhethri, kunikeze ukufinyelela ezixazululweni zebhethri le-lithium ezisezingeni eliphezulu eziklanyelwe izidingo ezahlukahlukene.

Khumbula ukuthi ukugcinwa njalo, ukugcinwa okulungile, namathuluzi okuqapha njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zokubuka ulwazi lwebhethri kudlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo yebhethri. Ukulandela i-MSDS yamabhethri nokubhalisa iziqinisekiso kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusekelwa.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngobuchwepheshe namakhambi ebhethri athuthukile, vakashela amakhasi asemthethweni e-EBAK: Ikhaya, Imikhiqizo, kanye noMayelana Nathi. Lezi zinsiza zinikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngezinto ezintsha zamabhethri ezihamba phambili embonini eziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla zanamuhla.

Ngokunakekela okufanele nolwazi, ama-bhethri azokuqhubeka nokunikeza amandla kumadivayisi ethu nezimboni kahle nangokuphepha eminyakeni ezayo.