Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo Ngamabhethri Wabasebenzisi be-EBAK
Ukuqonda indima ebalulekile edlalwa amabhethri ekunikezeni amandla kumadivayisi esimanje kagesi nezimoto kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzisi bemikhiqizo ye-EBAK. Amabhethri ayisisekelo sokuhamba kukagesi nezixazululo zokugcina amandla, futhi ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwebhethri, ukuligcina kahle, nokuxazulula izinkinga ezijwayelekile kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nokuphila kwebhethri. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile lwebhethri olwenzelwe abasebenzisi be-EBAK, oluhlanganisa izinhlobo zamabhethri, imininingwane, amathiphu okusebenzisa, izindlela zokugcina, namasu okuxazulula izinkinga ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yebhethri nokwethembeka.
Isingeniso Kumabhethri
Emhlabeni wokuhamba ngogesi nokugcina amandla, i-EBAK ikakhulu isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bebhethri le-lithium-ion ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, isikhathi eside sokuphila, kanye nesisindo esilula uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri ajwayelekile. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zebhethri ezitholakala emikhiqizweni ye-EBAK zihlanganisa i-Lithium-Ion (Li-ion), i-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4), kanye ne-Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukile nezinzuzo. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwebhethri kubalulekile njengoba kuthinta ukusebenza kwedivayisi, ukuphepha, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, amabhethri e-Li-ion athandwa kakhulu kuma-e-bike namathuluzi kagesi ngamandla awo aphezulu nemijikelezo yokushaja ephumelelayo, kanti amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anikezela ngokuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kwe-thermal nokuphepha, okwenza alungele izinhlelo zokugcina amandla.
Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo zamabhethri kusiza abasebenzisi ukwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwemishini yabo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwamabhethri e-EBAK nobuchwepheshe, ungavakashela ku-
Mayelana Nathi ikhasi ukuze ufunde ukuthi i-EBAK ihlanganisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile ukuze ilethe izixazululo zamabhethri ezithembekile.
Ukuqonda Izincazelo Zamabhethri
Imininingwane yebhethri njengamandla kagesi (voltage), umthamo (capacity), kanye namazinga okukhipha ugesi (discharge rates) kuyizilinganiso eziyisisekelo ezichaza ukusebenza kwebhethri nokufaneleka kwayo ezinhlelweni ezithile. Amandla kagesi ahlobene namandla kagesi futhi abeka izinga lamandla; amabhethri amaningi e-lithium-ion e-EBAK asebenza ezingeni lamandla kagesi elijwayelekile elenziwe lalinganiswe kahle amathuluzi kagesi nama-e-bike. Umthamo, olinganiswa ngama-ampere-hours (Ah), ubonisa ukuthi ibhethri lingagcina malini ugesi futhi uhambisana ngqo nokuthi ibhethri lihlala isikhathi esingakanani phakathi kokushajwa.
Izinga lokukhishwa, elivame ukuboniswa njenge-C-rate, lichaza ukuthi amabhethri angakwazi kanjani ukuhlinzeka ngokushesha amandla agcinwe. Izinga eliphezulu lokukhishwa libalulekile kumadivayisi aphezulu adinga ukuvunguza kwamandla. Amabhethri e-EBAK aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngalesi sici ukuze anikeze amandla aqinile, asebenzayo, futhi aphephile. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungasiza abasebenzisi ukukhetha amabhethri ahambelana kangcono nezidingo zabo zamandla nezimo zokusebenza.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nemikhiqizo ethile, ungavakashela i-
Imikhiqizoikhasi, lapho i-EBAK ibonisa khona uhla lwama-lithium-ion batteries abo enzelwe izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezihlanganisa ama-e-bikes, amathuluzi kagesi, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.
Amathiphu Okusebenzisa Ibhethri
Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kwamabhethri e-EBAK kudinga ukwamukela izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenzisa. Njalo sebenzisa amashaja anconywe yi-EBAK ukuze uvimbele ukushaja ngokweqile noma ukulimaza amaseli ebhethri. Gwema ukubeka amabhethri ezingeni lokushisa elidlulele njengoba kokubili ukushisa okweqile nokubanda kungalimaza ukusebenza kwebhethri nokuphila kwalo. Kutuswa futhi ukuthi ugweme ukukhipha ngokuphelele amabhethri e-lithium-ion njalo; esikhundleni salokho, gcina izinga lokushaja phakathi kuka-20% no-80% ukuze kube nempilo enhle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcina amabhethri endaweni epholile, eyomile uma engasetshenziswa kusiza ukuvimbela ukuhamba kokuzimela nokulahleka kwamandla. Ukuze uqhubeke uhlole impilo yebhethri, ukwenza ukubuka ulwazi lwamabhethri ngezinsiza zokuhlola ezitholakalayo kungasiza ekuphatheni kahle ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Lezi zindlela azithuthukisi kuphela ukusebenza kahle kodwa futhi zisekela ukuphathwa kwamabhethri okungaguquguquki.
Ukugcinwa Nokunakekelwa
Ukugcinwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe impilo yebhethri yakho ye-EBAK. Ukuhlola njalo ukuze ubone ukulimala komzimba, ukugqwala kumathheminali, noma ukuvuvukala kungavimbela ukuwa okungazelelwe. Hlanza izixhumi zebhethri usebenzisa indwangu eyomile ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana kwezimali okuhle. Amabhethri e-EBAK, njengamanye amabhethri e-lithium-ion, awadingi ukuhlela njalo, kodwa izikhathi zokugcwalisa nokukhulula ngokuphelele zingasiza ekuhlela kabusha uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamabhethri.
Izimpawu zokuguga kwebhethri zihlanganisa isikhathi esifushane sokusebenza, isikhathi eside sokushaja, nokuvuvukala okubonakalayo noma ukuvuza. Lapho lezi zimpawu zenzeka, kubalulekile ukushintsha ibhethri ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe izingozi zokuphepha. I-EBAK ngokuvamile ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zewaranti kumabhethri angempela, futhi abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuqinisekisa isimo sewaranthi ngokusebenzisa inombolo yomkhiqizo ebhethri, okufana neminye imikhiqizo efana ne-Amaron, enikeza ukuhlola iwaranti ngezinombolo zomkhiqizo. Ngolwazi olwengeziwe noma usizo, ungaxhumana nokwesekwa kwe-EBAK nge
Oxhumana Nabo ikhasi.
Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezijwayelekile Zebhethri
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa ngokucophelela, abasebenzisi bangase babhekane nezinkinga ezijwayelekile zebhethri njengokulahlekelwa okusheshayo kwamandla, ukushisa ngokweqile, noma ukuhluleka ukushaja. Ukulahlekelwa okusheshayo kwamandla kuvame ukuvela kumijikelezo yokukhipha ejulile noma ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ukushisa ngokweqile kungakhombisa ukushintshwa okungaphakathi noma amashaja anesici, futhi ukuhluleka ukushaja kungavela kumachweba okushaja alimele noma amaselula ebhethri aphelile.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga, qala ngokuhlola ishaja nezixhumi ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini okulimele noma okungcolile. Ukusetha kabusha ibhethri ngokwenza umjikelezo ogcwele wokushaja kungasiza ukulungisa uhlelo lwayo lokulawula. Uma izinkinga ziqhubeka, ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kuyalulekwa ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala okwengeziwe. Amaqembu ezinsizakalo zamakhasimende kanye nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe e-EBAK ayatholakala ukusiza abasebenzisi, ukuqinisekisa izixazululo eziphephile neziphumelelayo.
Isiphetho
Ngokufingqiwe, ukuqonda ulwazi lwebhethri okubandakanya izinhlobo, imininingwane, ukusetshenziswa okufanele, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga kubalulekile kubasebenzisi be-EBAK ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhethri nokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion, ayisisekelo somugqa womkhiqizo we-EBAK, adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa ukuze anikeze imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ngokulandela izindlela ezinconyiwe nokwazi ukuthi nini ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe, abasebenzisi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri abo ahlala ethembekile futhi esebenza kahle. Ngolunye ulwazi mayelana nezixazululo zamabhethri kanye nezinto ezintsha, ukuvakashela i-
Ikhaya ikhasi linikeza ukubuka okubanzi kwezixazululo zamandla eziphambili nezisebenziseka kalula ze-EBAK ezihlelwe ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zanamuhla.