Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri bubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wamandla wanamuhla, buthinta konke kusuka ezimotweni zikagesimende kuya ekugcinweni kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nemishini ephathekayo. Ukuqonda ulwazi ngebhethri kubalulekile kumabhizinisi kanye nabathengi ngokufanayo ukuze bahambe embonini yokugcina amandla eshintsha ngokushesha. Lesi sihloko sihlinzeka ngokubuka okuphelele kwezinto zakamuva zobuchwepheshe bebhethri kanye nezitayela, sinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngamandla emakethe, izinto ezintsha, kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo. Sihlose ukuhlomisa abafundi ngombono onemininingwane, ophelele wolwazi ngebhethri ogcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthuthukiswa kokugcina amandla kanye nomthelela wawo omkhulu emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

Ukukhuphuka kwesidingo somhlaba wonke sezixazululo zamandla ezisebenza kahle nezinobuntu kulelethise ubuchwepheshe bebhethri phambili kwezinto ezintsha. Amabhethri asebenza njengomgogodla wezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV), izinhlelo zokugcina amandla enethelwanga, kanye nemikhiqizo yabasebenzisi, okwenza ukusebenza kwawo, ukuphepha, kanye nezindleko zibe izindawo eziyinhloko zokugxila kwabacwaningi nabakhiqizi. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezisetshenziswa emabhethri, amakhemistri, kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza kuthinta ngqo ikhono lemakethe lokugcina amandla lokuhlangabezana namazinga omthamo okhulayo kanye nemvelo. Amabhizinisi azuza ngokuhlala enolwazi lwakamuva ngolwazi lwebhethri ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuklama komkhiqizo, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwamandla, futhi kuthuthukiswe inzuzo yokuncintisana.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sokubuka ulwazi lwebhethri ukuqonda izinhlobo zamabhethri ezitholakala kakhulu emakethe, njenge-lithium-ion, i-lead acid, namabhethri e-solid-state asaqala ukuthuthukiswa. Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhethri lunokwehlukana okuyingqayizivele okuthinta ukuminyana kwamandla, impilo ende, ukuphepha, nomthelela emvelweni. Ngokwesibonelo, amabhethri e-lead acid asasetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zezimoto, nezinga lokuphepha libuswa imithetho efana nokuhlukaniswa kwe-UN number ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa nokusingathwa okuphephile. Sekukonke, ulwazi lwezisekelo zamabhethri namazinga kubalulekile kubantu abathintekayo kuzo zonke izimboni.

Umkhakha webhethri ubone izinguquko ezisheshayo, ezishukunyiswa ukugxila ekusebenziseni ugesi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Okutholakele muva nje kufaka phakathi intuthuko kumakhemistri webhethri le-lithium-ion ethuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla nesivinini sokushaja ngenkathi kuncishiswa izindleko. Izinkampani ziphinde zihlolisise amabhethri aqinile, athi ayathembisa ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe nokuphila isikhathi eside ngokufaka izinto eziqinile esikhundleni sama-electrolyte ayiketshezi. Lezi zintuthuko zingashintsha kakhulu ukusebenza kwezimoto zikagesi (EVs) kanye nezixazululo zokugcina amandla enethelaka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yile yokugaywa kabusha kwebhetri nokusetshenziswa kwayo okwesibili ukubhekana nezinkinga zokusimama. Njengoba amabhetri efika ekupheleni kwempilo yawo, ukuwasebenzisa kabusha ezindimeni ezingadingi kakhulu kunweba ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza futhi kunciphise umthelela emvelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zokuphatha amabhetri manje zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-AI ne-IoT ukwenza kahle ukushaja, ukuqapha impilo, nokubikezela izidingo zokugcinwa, kuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Amabhizinisi afuna ukubuka imininingwane enemininingwane yebhetri, ukuhlala unolwazi ngalezi zimo kubalulekile. Lolu lwazi lusekela izinqumo zamasu ezihlobene nentuthuko yomkhiqizo, ukuphathwa kwezinto ezithunyelwayo, kanye nokuthobela imithetho eguqukayo.

Imakethe yebhethri yomhlaba wonke iyakhula ngokushesha, iqhutshwa isidingo kuma-EV, izinto zikagesi zabathengi, kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla okumile. Noma kunjalo, lo mkhakha ubhekene nezinselelo ezifana nokulinganiselwa kokutholakala kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuguquguquka kwamanani, kanye nemithetho yezemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel yizinto ezibalulekile okutholakala kwazo kanye nokutholakala kwazo ngokuziphatha kuyahlolwa.

Abadlali bemakethe kumele bahambe kulezi zinkinga ngenkathi bexazulula izidingo zabathengi zokusebenza okuphezulu nokubiza kancane. Lokhu kuholele ekutshalweni kwezimali ezinhlelweni zezinto ezintsha, ukukhiqiza okwenziwa endaweni, kanye nezinqubo ezisimeme. Izinkampani ezifana ne-EBAK ziyizihambeli ezivelele, zinikeza izixazululo zebhethri ze-lithium-ion ezithuthukisiwe ezilungiselelwe izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezihlanganisa amathuluzi kagesi nama-e-bikes, zigcizelela ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokubiza kahle. Ukuzibophezela kwazo ekuqambeni izinto ezintsha nasekusimameni kubonisa ukuzivumelanisa kahle nemakethe.

Ukuqonda lezi zimo zemakethe kubalulekile kubantu abathintekayo abahlosile ukuzuza amathuba okukhula ngenkathi kuncishiswa ubungozi obukhona embonini yebhethri eyizinga eliphezulu.

Emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, amaphrojekthi amasha abonisa amandla okuguqula ubuchwepheshe bebhethri. Ngokwesibonelo, izindawo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla ezivumela ukugudla kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokuzinza kwenethi, kusiza izinkampani zamandla ukuphatha ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga nomoya okungahlali njalo. Ezokuthutha, izinkampani zisebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion anomthamo omkhulu ukwandisa ibanga le-EV kanye nokunciphisa izikhathi zokushaja, kukhuthaza ukwamukelwa kwabathengi.

Isibonelo esibalulekile sihlanganisa ukufakwa kwamabhethri aphezulu ukusebenza ezimotweni zikagesi nasezithuthweni eziholwa ngokuzenzakalelayo (AGVs), kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuguquguquka kokusebenza emikhakheni efana nezokuthutha nezokuhamba edolobheni. Lezi zicelo zidinga amabhethri anempilo eqinile yokuphinda, izici zokuphepha, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamandla.

Lezi zinhlelo zikhombisa futhi ukubaluleka kolwazi olubanzi ngamabhethri, kusukela ezincazelweni zobuchwepheshe kuya ezindinganisweni zokuphepha ezifana nenombolo ye-UN yamabhethri e-lead acid, ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okuthembekile nokuhambisana. Amabhizinisi angafunda kulezi zimpumelelo ukuze athuthukise futhi alungise izixazululo zamabhethri ezidingweni ezithile.

Umkhakha wamabhethri ubunjwa yisistimu ehlukahlukene yabakhiqizi, abathuthukisi bezobuchwepheshe, nezikhungo zocwaningo. Izinkampani ezihamba phambili ziqhubeka nokutshala imali enkulu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukiseni ukuze ziqhube imingcele yokusebenza kwamabhethri. Izinto ezintsha zifaka phakathi izinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-electrode, izixazululo ze-electrolyte, kanye nokwenza kube lula ukukhiqiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhambisana nokwehliswa kwezindleko.

Izinhlangano ezifana ne-Suzhou EBAK Electronics Co., Ltd., zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ubuchwepheshe be-EBAK buhlanganisa amathuluzi kagesi, ama-e-bike, ama-AGV, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla, ngokugxila kakhulu emikhiqizweni yamandla esimeme futhi ethembekile. Ukuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe babo kanye nemikhuba yokuphatha ikhwalithi kubonisa amazinga angcono kakhulu embonini futhi kunomthelela ekubekeni izindinganiso ekwenziweni kwamabhethri.

Ukuzibandakanya nentuthuko yemboni kanye nabakhiqizi abaholayo kunikeza imininingwane eyigugu kumabhizinisi afuna ukubambisana, ukuthola amabhethri asezingeni eliphezulu, noma ukuqonda izimo zemakethe ezivelayo.

Ikusasa lemboni yezibhethri libunjwa ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthembisa ukunqoba imikhawulo yamanje. Izibhethri eziqinile, ngamandla azo aphezulu, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nempilo ende yomjikelezo, zivele njengento ezoguqula imidlalo. Ucwaningo luphinde luhlolisise izindlela zokusebenza ze-lithium-sulfur ne-lithium-air, okuhloswe ngazo ukuthola amandla amakhulu kakhulu okugcina kanye nemikhawulo ephansi yemvelo.

Enye indawo entsha ukuthuthukiswa kwezibhethri eziguquguqukayo neziprintwayo, ezingandisa izicelo kumagajethi asezingalweni kanye namadivayisi e-IoT. Ngaleso sikhathi, intuthuko ezinhlelweni zokuphatha izibhethri ezisebenzisa i-AI yenza izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezihlakaniphile, ezivumelana nokuziphatha komsebenzisi kanye nezidingo zenethiwekhi.

Ukuhlala unolwazi ngalezi zobuchwepheshe ezintsha zebhethri kunika amabhizinisi amandla okuba nombono wokwenza izinto ezintsha nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngendlela yamasu njengoba izixazululo ezintsha ziba ezokuhweba.

Ngokuphetha, ukuhlala unolwazi ngolwazi lwebhethri, okubandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, izimo zemakethe, kanye nentuthuko yomkhakha, kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele amandla ezixazululo zokugcina amandla. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bebhethri buqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokushesha, amabhizinisi nabathengi bayazuza ngokuqonda izinto ezintsha, izinselelo zokusimama, kanye nezimo zemakethe. Izinhlangano ezifana ne-EBAK zibonisa ubuholi ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo zebhethri le-lithium ezisezingeni eliphezulu eziklanyelwe izidingo zamandla zesimanje.

Ukuze uthole imininingwane ejulile nokuhlola uhla olubanzi lwemikhiqizo nezixazululo zebhethri, abafundi bangavakashela i-Ikhaya ikhasi. Labo abanesithakazelo kweminye imikhiqizo bazothola izinketho ezinemininingwane ku-Imikhiqizo ikhasi. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngobuchwepheshe be-EBAK nokuzibophezela kwayo, i-Mayelana Nathiikhasi linikeza ulwazi oluphelele lwenkampani. Ukuze uthole imibuzo nezibuyekezo zakamuva, i-Oxhumana Naboikhasi linikeza iziteshi zokuxhumana eziqondile.

Ngokuhlanganisa ukubuka okuphelele kolwazi lwebhethri nemfundo eqhubekayo, ababambiqhaza bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ezihola ubuchwepheshe, ukusimama, kanye nokukhula kwebhizinisi embonini yebhethri enesivinini.