Iphakathi kwezokugcina amandla kudlula ushintsho olukhulu ngokuphuma kobuchwepheshe obusha bebhathri. Njengoba isidingo somhlaba sokuxazulula amandla okusebenza kahle, okungaguquguquki, nokusebenza kahle sikhula, izinguquko ezisematheni ezimatheni ze-bhathri nezokwakha ziqhuba phambili. Lezi zithuthukisi azikhombisi kuphela ama-bhathri ahlala isikhathi eside futhi asheshayo, kodwa futhi zixazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile zemvelo. Phakathi kwabalingisi abakhulu abasheshisa le mpumelelo kukhona i-EBAK, umkhiqizi ophambili ogxile ezixazululweni ze-lithium-ion ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuzinikela kwabo kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili kanye nezindlela ezizinzile kubabeka phambili embonini. Le ndatshana ihlola iziphumo zakamuva nezindlela zesikhathi esizayo kubuchwepheshe bebhathri, igxile ezindaweni eziphambili, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, kanye nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene.

Izindaba zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri zihlala zikhombisa intuthuko ebalulekile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukiseni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana namabhethri e-lithium air kanye nezinhlelo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri zeTesla. Lezi zinguquko zikhombisa ushintsho oluya kumabhethri angagcini nje ngokugcina amandla amaningi kodwa futhi anciphisa umthelela emvelweni kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Ukuqonda lezi zintuthuko kubalulekile kumabhizinisi nakubathengi abafisa ukwamukela izinhlelo zokugcina amandla zesizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngobubanzi obukhulayo bezicelo—kusukela ezimotweni zikagesi kuya ekugcineni amandla avuselelekayo—ubuchwepheshe bamabhethri obusha bumele buhlele kabusha ukwethembeka kwamandla nokusimama.

Omunye wezinto ezithembisayo kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe bamabhethri amasha uhlala ezindaweni ezisetshenziselwa ama-electrode nama-electrolyte. Amabhethri ajwayelekile e-lithium-ion, nakuba esebenzayo, abhekene nezithiyo ekwakhekeni kwamandla nasekuphila. Izinto ezintsha ezifana namabhethri e-lithium air ziya zathola ukunakwa ngenxa yamathuba azo okwandisa amandla ngokweqile ngokusebenzisa umoya opholile njengomphumela we-cathode. Le mpumelelo yezinto ingaholela kumabhethri alula futhi anikeza isikhathi eside sokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nezicell ze-lithium-ion ezijwayelekile.

I-Tesla's ubuchwepheshe obusha bebhathri buveza futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezintsha, kuhlanganise ne-anodes ezisekelwe ku-silicon kanye ne-chemistries ezithuthukisiwe ze-cathode, okwenza kube ngcono kokubili ubukhulu bamandla kanye nezinga lokushaja. Lezi zinguquko zezinto zinciphisa ukuguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zibhekana nenkinga enkulu yokuphila kwe-battery. Izikhungo zocwaningo nezokukhiqiza ze-EBAK zifaka lezi zinto eziphambili, ziqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ihlala ihlakaniphile futhi iyasebenza. Ukuqhubeka kuthuthukiswa kwezinto ze-battery kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amabhathri ahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokusebenza zanamuhla ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuphepha nokuhambisana nemvelo.

Ngaphandle kwezinto, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kubuchwepheshe bamabhethri kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza nokugcina. Ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinhlelo zokuphatha amabhethri (BMS) kanye nezinhlelo zokushaja kuqinisekisile impilo ende yamabhethri nezikhathi zokushaja ezisheshayo ngaphandle kokuphula ukuphepha. Isibonelo, ukuhlela kahle umjikelezo wokushaja ngokusekelwe kumakhemikhali wamabhethri nempilo kunganciphisa kakhulu ukugqoka futhi kuthuthukise ukugcina amandla.

I-Tesla ubuchwepheshe obusha bebhathri busebenzisa ama-algorithms e-BMS ahlakaniphile akha ibhalansi yokusebenza kwamacell, wandisa impilo yokusebenza nokwandisa ibanga lemoto. Ngokufanayo, izixazululo ze-lithium-ion ze-EBAK zigcizelela ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngokuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukisiwe nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Lezi zinguquko ziqinisekisa ukuthi amabhathri awagcini nje ngokugcina amandla amaningi kodwa futhi akwazi ukuwathumela ngokwethembeka nangokuhlala isikhathi eside, ahlangabezana nezidingo ezithuthukayo zamathuluzi kagesi, ama-e-bikes, ama-AGVs, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

Ngokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nezinguquko zesimo sezulu nokuncipha kwezinsiza, umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa nokulahla amabhethri uyiqhuqhuva ezinkulumweni ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri. Ukuqhamuka kwezinto eziphilayo zamabhethri, ubuchwepheshe bokuphinda usebenzise, nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisebenza kahle ngamandla kubalulekile ekunciphiseni izinyathelo zemvelo. Amabhethri e-lithium air, ngokwesibonelo, anikeza indlela ethembisayo ngokunciphisa ukuncika ezinsizeni ezithile futhi avumele ukuphinda usebenzise kalula ngenxa yokwakheka okulula.

Izinkampani ezifana ne-EBAK zifaka isandla ekugcineni imvelo ngokulandela izindinganiso zokukhiqiza ezihlonipha imvelo nokukhuthaza imiklamo yamabhethri ethuthukisa ukujikeleza nokusebenzisa isikhathi eside. Izindaba zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri zivame ukukhombisa lezi zifiso zokugcina imvelo, ziqaphela ukuthi abaholi bomkhakha bahola ushintsho. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo ye-green energy ekukhiqizeni amabhethri kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zamabhethri zesibili kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni umnotho ojikelezayo ngaphakathi komkhakha wamabhethri.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bamabhethri bunomthelela omkhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene, bujolisa indlela amandla agcinwa ngayo futhi asetshenziswa ngayo. Emkhakheni wezimoto, ukuthuthuka okufana nobuchwepheshe obusha bamabhethri beTesla kuvumela izimoto zikagesi ukuba zibe nezikhala ezinde zokuhamba nezikhathi zokushaja ezimfushane, kusheshisa ushintsho oluphuma kumafutha emvelo. Ngokufanayo, ukukhula kwezimoto zikagesi (e-bikes) kanye nezimoto eziholwa ngokuzenzakalelayo (AGVs) kuncike kakhulu kumabhethri e-lithium-ion anokwethenjelwa, anekhono eliphezulu.

Ngaphandle kokuhamba, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezisebenza ngama-bhathri amasha zibalulekile ekufakeni imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo efana nelanga nomoya ezinhlelweni zamandla. Izixazululo ze-lithium ze-EBAK ezisezingeni eliphezulu zifanele lezi zinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, zinikeza ukusebenza okungabizi futhi okuthembekile. Ukuguquguquka kwezobuchwepheshe bama-bhathri amasha kuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokumelana namandla emikhakheni ehlukene, kusukela kumadivayisi okusetshenziswa kwabathengi kuya ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zamandla.

Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe obusha bamabhethri lisezingeni elijabulisayo, liholwa ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nezidingo zemakethe. Iziqu zokuqala zifaka phakathi ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwamabhethri e-solid-state, ahlinzeka ngokuqinisekiswa okuphezulu nokuphakanyiswa kwamandla ngokushintsha ama-electrolyte amanzi ngezinto eziqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthuka kwezobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokufunda kwemishini kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukise ukuphathwa kwamabhethri kanye nokugcinwa kokubikezela.

Abachwepheshe bezimboni bacabanga ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium air kanye namanye amabhethri ezizukulwane ezizayo azoba nenzuzo yokuhweba phakathi kweminyaka eyishumi ezayo, aguqula imikhakha ehlukahlukene kusukela ekuthuthukiseni amandla kagesi kuya ekugcineni amandla. I-EBAK ibheka lezi zindlela ngokucophelela, ifaka imali ezintsha ukuze igcine umncintiswano wayo ngenkathi isekela ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuphila. Kubantu bezentengiselwano nabathengi, ukuhlala unolwazi ngalezi ziqondiso zesikhathi esizayo kubalulekile ekwakheni amasu nasekuthokoziseni izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe bamabhethri abukhali.

Itheknoloji ye-bhethri entsha ibheke emkhakheni wokuguqulwa okukhombisa ukuthi izoshintsha kanjani indlela amandla agcinwa, aphathwa, futhi asetshenziswe emhlabeni jikelele. Kusukela ezintweni ezintsha ezifana namabhethri e-lithium air kuya ekwandiseni ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina, lezi zinguquko ezixoxwayo zikhombisa umkhakha ophilayo futhi osheshayo. Izinkampani ezifana ne-EBAK zidlala indima ebalulekile ngokuletha izixazululo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezihlelwe ukuze zifanele izicelo zanamuhla. Njengoba amabhizinisi ehlola lezi zinketho, ukuqonda izindaba zakamuva ze-bhethri kanye nokwamukela izitayela ezivela emhlabeni kuzoba kubalulekile ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukuziphatha kahle kwemvelo, kanye nokusebenza kahle.

Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana namabhethri e-lithium-ion asezingeni eliphezulu nezixazululo zamandla advanced, vakashela kuImikhiqizoikhasi. Ukuze ufunde ngokuqonda kwe-EBAK kanye nokuzinikela kwayo ekukhiqizeni amabhethri aqhubekayo, hlola iMayelana Nathiisigaba. Hlala unolwazi ngezinguquko embonini ngezinto zakamuvaizindaba zobuchwepheshe bamabhethrikuwebhusayithi yethu.