Ukushintsha okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bamabhethri kubalulekile ekwakheni ikusasa lokugcina amandla nokuhamba okungaguquguquki. Phakathi kwezinto ezintsha ezivela, amabhethri e-sodium-ion (Na-ion) athola ukunakwa okukhulu njengokunye okukhethwa kukho okukhanga kakhulu kunezixazululo ze-lithium-ion. Le ndatshana ihlola intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion, igcizelela izigaba zakamuva, ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho, kanye nezinhlelo zocwaningo, ngokugxila okukhethekile emsebenzini wesu waseJalimane nasezinhlelweni zokubambisana. Sizophinde sihlole ukuthi amabhethri e-sodium-ion ahlukaniswa kanjani nezobuchwepheshe ze-lithium-ion ezijwayelekile, sinikeza amabhizinisi nababambiqhaza ngokuqonda okunembile nokuphelele kule ndawo eguqulayo.

Amabhethri e-sodium-ion asebenzisa ama-ion e-sodium njengokuthwala amandla, okuhlinzeka ngenketho eshibhile futhi etholakala kalula kune-lithium. I-sodium itholakala kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele, yehlisa ubungozi bezokuhlinzeka obuhambisana nokukhishwa kwe-lithium, okuqoqiwe ezweni elithile. Le miphumela ibonisa izindleko ezingase zibe phansi ekwenziweni kwamabhethri, okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion bube nentshisekelo ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla ezinkulu kanye nezimoto zikagesi.

Ngokwezobuchwepheshe, amabhethri e-sodium-ion ahlanganyela nezimiso eziningi zokwakha namabhethri e-lithium-ion, okwenza kube lula ukuvumelanisa izinsiza zokukhiqiza ezikhona. Nokho, ama-sodium ions, awakhulu kune-lithium ions, okwakuholele ezinkingeni zomlando mayelana nokuphakama kwamandla nokuphila kwemijikelezo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamuva kwezinto zokwakha ama-electrode, izixazululo ze-electrolyte, kanye nezinhlelo zamacell kuqedile eziningi zalezi zinkinga, kuholele ekwenyukeni kokuzinza nokusebenza.

Lezi zinguquko zibeka amabhethri e-sodium-ion njengobuchwepheshe obunenzuzo bokugcina amandla, ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo yokuvuselela, futhi ngisho nezimoto zikagesi eziphakathi, lapho izindleko nokuhlala zibalulekile. Ukukhula kokunakwa kubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion kuphinde kukhuthazwe izizathu zemvelo, njengoba ukukhipha nokucubungula izixazululo ze-sodium kuvame ukuba nomthelela ophansi emvelweni uma kuqhathaniswa nokumba kwe-lithium.

Abadlali bezimboni emhlabeni jikelele bayashesha ukuthuthukiswa nokufakwa kwezinsiza zamabhethri e-sodium-ion. I-China ikhokhela phambili, nezinkampani eziningi zikhangisa izikhungo zokukhiqiza ezinkulu kanye nemikhiqizo ye-sodium-ion ebhizinisini eqondiswe emikhakheni yokuhamba ngogesi kanye nokugcina amandla. Imigqa yabo eqinile yokuhlinzeka kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni kuvumela ukukhula okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion.

IGermany iyavela njengendawo ebalulekile eYurophu yokwakha ubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion battery, igcizelela ukuhlinzeka ngempahla ye-battery eqhubekayo nephumelelayo. Abaholi bezimboni baseJalimane, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye nezinhlelo zikamasipala bahlanganyela ukuze basungule amakhono okwakha i-sodium-ion ancintisanayo. Lezi zikhuthazo zihambisana nezinhloso ze-European Union zokunciphisa ukuncika kumalithi athunyelwa phesheya kanye nezinto ezisemqoka, kusekela imboni yokugcina amandla esezindaweni, eqinile.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza eChina naseJalimane zigcizelela ukukwazi ukukhula, ukunciphisa izindleko, nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza. Izinkampani zihlola izinhlelo zebhethri ezihlanganisa amaseli e-sodium-ion namaseli e-lithium-ion ukuze zisebenzise amandla omabili la matekisi. Lezi zindlela zihlose ukusheshisa ukulungela emakethe nokwamukelwa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene.

I-Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (Fraunhofer FFB) iyisikhungo esibalulekile ohlelweni lokucwaninga lwe-sodium-ion eJalimane. Umsebenzi wabo ugxile kumamaterial amasha e-electrode, ikhemikhali ye-electrolyte, kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziqhubekayo ezithuthukisa impilo yebhathri nokuphepha. I-Fraunhofer FFB ibambisana nabalingani bezimboni nezikhungo zemfundo, ikhuthaza ubuchwepheshe kanye nokudluliswa kobuchwepheshe.

Lezi zibopho zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni umgwaqo phakathi kocwaningo lwez laboratory kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimboni. Iphrojekthi zokubambisana zigcizelela imigqa yokukhiqiza yokuhlola, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezimpilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion battery buhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe nezindinganiso zokulawula. Lezi zinhlelo zisekela futhi ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi abanolwazi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ezihambisana nobuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion.

Ukubambisana phakathi kwezikhungo zocwaningo ezifana neFraunhofer FFB kanye nezithakazelo zokukhiqiza kuhlinzeka ngendlela ethembisayo yokuthi iJalimane iqinisekise isikhundla esihamba phambili emakethe yamabhethri esikhathini esizayo, kusekela ushintsho lwezokwakha amandla kanye nezinhloso zokuhamba eziqhubekayo.

Amaphrojekthi amaningi aphambili eJalimane akhombisa ukuzinikela ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri e-sodium-ion. Iphrojekthi ye-Na.Ion.NRW igxile ekwakheni inethiwekhi yokwakha eNorth Rhine-Westphalia ukuze isheshise ukuhweba kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion. Le phrojekthi ihlanganisa ucwaningo, ukukhiqiza, kanye nezimboni zokusebenzisa ukuphishekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ecosystem.

Iphrojekthi ye-Safe.SIB (Ama-Bhathri e-Sodium-Ion Aphephile) ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwamacell e-sodium-ion ngempahla advanced kanye nezinhlelo zobunjiniyela. Ukuphepha kuyinto ebalulekile kakhulu ekwamukelweni kwamabhethri ezinhlelweni ezibalulekile, futhi ucwaningo lwe-Safe.SIB luthuthukisa ukusiza ekuxazululeni lezi zinkinga ngokuphelele.

Iphrojekthi ye-SIB:DE iyisinyathelo sokubambisana esihloselwe izindlela zokukhiqiza ezikhulayo kanye nokugcina imvelo, sithuthukisa izindinganiso zokukhiqiza amabhathri e-sodium-ion ahambisana nezinqubomgomo zelanga eziluhlaza zaseYurophu. Ndawonye, lezi zinhlelo zimelela indlela ebanzi, ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha, ukuphepha, kanye nokukhula kwezomnotho ukuze brought amabhathri e-sodium-ion eduze kokwethulwa emakethe enkulu.

Izifundo zokuhlonza ziveza ukuthi nakuba amabhathri e-lithium-ion njengamanje eba phezulu emakethe ngenxa yokuba ne-energ density ephezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ezisunguliwe, amabhathri e-sodium-ion asondela ngokushesha ekwenzeni kahle ezindaweni eziningi ezibalulekile. Amabhathri e-sodium-ion ngokujwayelekile anikeza i-energ density ephansi, kodwa ukuthuthuka kwamuva kuthuthukisile impilo yokujikeleza, izinga lokushaja/nokukhishwa, kanye nokuzinza kokushisa.

Ngokombono wezindleko, amabhethri e-sodium-ion anikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwenzeka kwezinto kanye nezindleko eziphansi zezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-sodium-ion avame ukusebenza kangcono ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi futhi angabekezelela izinqubo zokushaja ezinzima ngaphandle kokwehla.

Ucwaningo luphinde lukhombise izinzuzo zemvelo zamabhethri e-sodium-ion, ngokunciphisa izinyathelo zemvelo ekukhipheni izinto zokwakha nokuqedela. Lezi zinto zenza ubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion bube yisixazululo esikhangayo esihambisanayo namabhethri e-lithium-ion, ikakhulukazi ekugcineni amandla okuma kanye nezigaba ezithile zezimoto zikagesi.

Ubuchwepheshe bebhathri ye-sodium-ion buyashintsha ngokushesha, kube nezinyathelo ezibalulekile ezitholakele emkhakheni wesayensi yezinto, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokubambisana kwezomnotho. Amandla alo okunikela ngenye indlela eshibhile, eqhubekayo, futhi engakhula kalula kunezibathri ze-lithium-ion kuyaqhubeka nokuba nemboni. Izinhlelo ezihlosiwe nezokubambisana zaseJalimane zifaka isandla kakhulu kulokhu kuqhubeka, zenza leli zwe libe yisikhungo esibalulekile emakethe yebhathri yesikhathi esizayo.

Kubantu besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion, ukuhlala unolwazi ngentuthuko, ukubamba iqhaza emaphrojekthini ahlanganyelwe, nokucabangela amathuba okuhlanganiswa kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buhamba phambili, kulindeleke ukuthi amabhethri e-sodium-ion ahlanganyele nezixazululo ze-lithium-ion futhi asize ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sokugcina amandla sustainable emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bamabhethri kanye nezitayela zezimboni, cabanga ukujoyina incwadi yethu yezindaba ukuze uthole ukuqonda okwakamuva nezibuyekezo. I-EBAK igxile ezixazululweni zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi izibophezele ekuhloleni ubuchwepheshe obusha bokugcina amandla, kuhlanganise namabhethri e-sodium-ion. Thola imikhiqizo yethu kanye nomlando wenkampani ngokuvakashela kuMayelana Nathiikhasi. Uma uneminye imibuzo noma amathuba okubambisana, sicela uxhumane nathi nge-Oxhumana naboikhasi.

Hlola uhla lwethu oluphelele lwezixazululo zamabhethri eziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezicelo ezihlukahlukene ku-Imikhiqizoikhasi, noma ufunde kabanzi ngokuqonda nembono yenkampani yethu ku-Ikhayaikhasi. Hlanganyela nathi ekushayeleni phambili ikusasa lokugcina amandla okuphila.