Umhlaba wezokukhiqiza amandla ubhekene nokuguqulwa okukhulu njengoba isidingo sokugcina amandla okuthembekile, okungabizi, nokuhlala isikhathi eside sikhula ngokushesha. Phakathi kwezobuchwepheshe ezikhulayo, amabhethri e-sodium-ion (Na-ion) athola ukubaluleka ngokushesha. Lawa mabhethri anikeza enye indlela ethembisayo kumabhethri e-lithium-ion ajwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ekubhekaneni nezinselelo zokushoda kwezinto zokwakha kanye nezindleko. Le ndatshana ibheka ukubaluleka kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion, ihlola umkhakha wamanje, igqamisa intuthuko ezobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile ezifana nomjikelezo we-Naxtra we-CATL, ihlola izicelo zokuqala, futhi ixoxa ngethonya lawo kumakhalekhukhwini wokugcina amandla kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo.

Ubuchwepheshe bebhathri ye-sodium-ion busemgqeni ophambili wezixazululo zokugcina amandla zesizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngokwehlukile kumabhathri e-lithium-ion axhomeke kakhulu kwi-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel—izinto ezibekwe endaweni ethile futhi ezibizayo—amabhathri e-sodium-ion asebenzisa i-sodium eningi futhi eyabiwe kabanzi. Le ngxenye ebalulekile ibeka amabhathri e-sodium-ion njengokhetho olusebenzayo nolusimeme, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla ezinkulu. Ngenkathi amabhathri e-lithium-ion eqhubeka nokubusa ezisetshenzisweni ze-elektroniki eziphathwayo nezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yokuphakama kwawo kokugcinwa kwamandla, amabhathri e-sodium-ion asondela ngokushesha ekwenzeni ngcono impilo yokuphindaphinda, ukugcinwa kwamandla, nokuphepha.

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamabhethri e-sodium-ion yikhono lawo lokuba nezindleko eziphansi zokwakha. Ama-sodium salts asetshenziswa ezicini ze-cathode ne-anode ayatholakala kalula futhi anele, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuncika ezinsizakalweni ezibucayi kwezepolitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-sodium-ion akhombisa ukuzinza okungcono kokushisa kanye nokubekezelela okuphezulu ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima, okwenza kube kuphephile kumasistimu wokugcina amandla amakhulu kanye nezixazululo zokuhamba edolobheni.

Abadlali embonini baphokophelela ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion ukuze baphumelele ezitheni zomlando ezifana nokuba ne-densitiy ye-energy ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium-ion. Ucwaningo olwakamuva nemizamo yokuthuthukisa kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinto eziphakeme ze-cathode kanye nezakhiwo ze-electrolyte ezithuthukisa ukusebenza ngenkathi zigcina izinzuzo zokonga. Le mboni ethuthukayo ibonisa ushintsho olubalulekile oluya ekwakheni izimboni ezihlukahlukene ze-battery ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokugcina amandla ezikhulayo ngenkathi kugcinwa umqondo wokuhlala.

Phakathi kwabaphambili abasha, i-Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited (CATL), umholi omkhulu emkhakheni wamabhethri emhlabeni, yenza intuthuko enkulu ngezimoto zayo zamabhethri e-sodium-ion, ezibizwa ngokuthi uchungechunge lwe-Naxtra. Amabhethri e-Naxtra ka-CATL amelela ukuphumelela emkhakheni we-sodium-ion chemistry, efinyelela kumazinga wamandla angama-160 Wh/kg, okuncintisana namaseli e-lithium-ion asendaweni. Le ntuthuko iyisikhumbuzo esikhulu, njengoba ikhombisa ukuvuma kobuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion ezinhlelweni zokusebenza kwezohwebo.

Indlela ye-CATL igxile ekuthuthukiseni izinto zokwakha eziphakeme kanye nokuzinza kwe-electrolyte, iqinisekisa impilo ende yokujikeleza kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuphepha. Amabhethri abo e-Naxtra aklanyelwe ukuba nesimo esihlukahlukene, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zokugcina amandla. Ngamakhono okwakha ngezinga lezimboni kanye nobudlelwano obuhle, i-CATL ihlose ukusheshisa ukwamukelwa kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion ezimbonini zokugcina amandla ezimile nezihambayo.

Uchungechunge lweNaxtra luphinde luthole izinzuzo ku-CATL's robust supply chain kanye nesipiliyoni sokukhiqiza amabhathri e-lithium-ion, okuvumela ukuguqulwa okungcono nokwandiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-sodium-ion. Le ntuthuko igcizelela ukwethenjwa okukhulayo embonini ku-sodium-ion technology njengesisombululo esihambisanayo kumabhathri e-lithium-ion, ikakhulukazi ezimakethe lapho izindleko kanye nokutholakala kwezinto zokwakha kubalulekile.

Amabhethri e-sodium-ion njengamanje asetshenziswa emaphrojeni wokuhlola nasezinhlelweni zokuqala zokuhweba ezigxile ekuphumeleleni kwegridi nasekuthuthweni kwedolobha okukhuthazayo. Ukuze kugcinwe i-grid, amabhethri e-sodium-ion ahlinzeka ngendlela engabizi yokugcina amandla aphezulu avuselelekayo avela ezinhlelweni ze-solar kanye ne-wind, kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi nokunciphisa ukuthembela ezitsheni zamafutha emvelo. Iphrofayela yabo yokuphepha ethuthukisiwe ikhethekile iyinzuzo enkulu ezinhlelweni ezinkulu ezikwi ndawo eziseduze nezindawo zokuhlala.

Emkhakheni wezokuhamba edolobheni, amabhathri e-sodium-ion ayahlolwa ezimotweni zikagesi, ezokuthutha, nasezinkampanini zokuhamba ezabelwana ngazo. Ukusebenza kwawo kahle kwezindleko nokuguquguquka kwawo ezimweni ezahlukene zemvelo kwenza kube kufanelekile kumaflethi adinga ukuhamba okwethembekile nokuphindaphindiwe. Lezi zicelo zikhombisa amandla amabili amakhulu wamabhathri e-sodium-ion: ukuguquguquka kwawo ekusetshenzisweni okuhlelekile nasekusebenzisweni okunyakazayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba amadolobha emhlabeni jikelele efuna ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthwa okucacile kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezinsiza, ubuchwepheshe bebhathri ye-sodium-ion buveza inketho ekhanga yokuhlukahluka kwemikhakha yokugcina amandla nokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo ophathelene nokumba nokucubungula i-lithium.

Amabhethri e-sodium-ion akhombisa ukuhlanganiswa okukhethekile kokuzivumelanisa nezimo kanye nokusimama okwenza ukuthi ahluke kwezinye izindlela zokugcina amandla. Ikhono lawo lokusebenza kahle phakathi kokushisa okubanzi kanye nokwanele kwezinto ezisemqoka kuhambisana kahle nezinhloso zomhlaba zokusimama. Lezi zindlela zokuzivumelanisa zifaka ezindaweni ezahlukene, kuhlanganise nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, izimoto zikagesi, nezixazululo zamandla ezisizayo.

Izinzuzo zokuhlala zikhona kakhulu ngenxa yokwenzeka kwe-sodium emanzini olwandle nasezindaweni zomhlaba, okunciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokuhlinzeka kanye nemiphumela emibi emvelweni ehlobene nokumba izinsimbi ezithile ezifana ne-lithium ne-cobalt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-sodium-ion alungele kakhulu izinqubo zokuphinda usebenzise, okwandisa kakhulu iziqu zabo zemvelo.

Le miphumela emibili ikhuthaza umphakathi wamandla oqinile lapho amabhethri e-sodium-ion ehlanganyela ne-lithium-ion nezinye izobuchwepheshe zamabhethri, eqinisekisa izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza ezahlukene ngenkathi isekela imodeli ye-circular economy.

Ukukhula kobuchwepheshe bebhathri ye-sodium-ion kunezimpawu ezibanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Omunye wezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu wukwenzeka kokunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwezepolitiki kanye nezokuhlinzeka ezihambisana nokuthembela ku-lithium. Njengoba amazwe efuna ukuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla okuhlelekile futhi okuhloniphekile, amabhathri e-sodium-ion anikeza indlela engakhethwa engatholakala futhi ikhiqizwe endaweni, kuthuthukisa ubukhosi bamandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-sodium-ion adlala indima ebalulekile ekusheshiseni ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuhlinzeka ngezixazululo zokugcina amandla ezishibhile, ezikhululekile, neziphephile, asiza ekwenzeni kube lula ukuguquguquka kokuhlinzekwa nokuthuthukisa ukumelana kwegridi, okubalulekile ukuze kube nokungena okuphezulu kwamandla avuselelekayo. Le teknoloji ikakhulukazi iyasiza emakethe ezovela nasemazweni anokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kumithombo ye-lithium.

Izinhlangano ezifana ne-EBAK zisebenza ngokuzikhandla ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bezinhlaka zamabhethri, zigxile ezixazululweni zamandla ezisimeme nezithembekile. Njengomkhiqizi ogxile ezinhlelweni zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokusebenza ezahlukene, i-EBAK ikulungele ukuhlola ukuhlanganiswa kwe-sodium-ion nokweseka izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokugcina amandla. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi ngokuqonda nokunikezwayo kwe-EBAK, vakashela kuMayelana Nathiikhasi.

Amabhethri e-sodium-ion amelela ubuchwepheshe obuguqulayo obunamandla okuguqula ngokuphelele umhlaba wokugcina amandla. Ukuhlanganiswa kwabo kokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, ukuvikeleka kwezinto, ukuphepha, nokuguquguquka kubabeka njengomlingani obalulekile ekushintsheni kuya ezinhlelweni zamandla eziqhubekayo. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka futhi ukuthengwa kwezohwebo kukhula, amabhethri e-sodium-ion azohlanganyela nezobuchwepheshe ze-lithium-ion ezikhona, ehlinzeka ngekusasa lamandla elihlukahlukene nelizinzile.

Ukuthuthuka kwezimboni, okukhombisa uchungechunge lwe-CATL lwe-Naxtra, kukhombisa ukuthi amabhethri e-sodium-ion asuka ezingeni lokuhlola aye ekusebenzeni. Izicelo zokuqala zokugcina amandla emgqeni nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni zikhombisa ukuhamba kwazo nokwazisa kwangempela. Umkhakha wamandla emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa nezinkampani ezifana ne-EBAK, uqhubeka nokubheka nokwengeza kulokhu kuthuthuka, uqinisekisa ukuthi izixazululo ezintsha zamabhethri zikhona ukuze zihlangabezane nezinselelo ezihlukahlukene zamandla.

I- Battery Show Asia 2025 iyisenzakalo esibalulekile kubachwepheshe nabathintekayo embonini yamabhethri ukuze bahlolisise izinguquko zakamuva, kuhlanganise nobuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion. Le m evento inikeza ipulatifomu yokuxhumana, ukwabelana ngolwazi, nokubonisa ukuthuthukiswa okuyingqayizivele okuhamba phambili empilweni yokugcina amandla. Ababambiqhaza bangathola ulwazi oluqondile ngezitayela ezivela futhi baxhumane nabaholi bomkhakha ukuze basheshe bamukele izixazululo zamabhethri eziqhubekayo.

Kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuhlola ububanzi obukhulu bezobuchwepheshe bamabhethri, kuhlanganise ne-lithium-ion kanye ne-sodium-ion, le miboniso kufanele ibekhona. Funda kabanzi ngemicimbi nemikhiqizo ephathelene nokuvakashela kuImikhiqizoikhasi lokuqonda intuthuko ezixazululweni zebhethri ezitholakalayo emakethe.

Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe nolwazi olunembile lwezobuchwepheshe mayelana nokuthuthuka kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion, imibiko yezimboni evela ku-CATL, izincwadi zocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nezihlaziyo zemakethe zinikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile. Umkhakha ocwaningayo uqhubeka nokubhala izinkomba zokusebenza, ukuhlolwa kwezimpilo, kanye nezifundo zokusebenza ezivuma amandla obuchwepheshe be-sodium-ion.

Ukuze uhlolisise okwengeziwe mayelana nezixazululo zamabhethri ezithembekile nezintsha, vakashela kuIkhayaikhasi le-Suzhou EBAK Electronics Co., Ltd., lapho kukhombiswa khona imikhiqizo ye-lithium-ion ebukhali kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla njengengxenye yokuzibophezela kwenkampani ekwakhiweni kwezobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla.